Low temperature damage is one of the important factors limiting peanut seed germination, and gibberellin can break seed dormancy and promote seed germination. This study used Jihua 25 as the experimental material and treated seeds with gibberellin solution at low temperature for 8h under 4℃ conditions, with seeds soaked in water solution for 8h as the control(CK). All seeds were germinated at 28℃. The white exposure rate at 24h (water absorption stage) and germination rate at 72 h(embryonic root extension stage) were recorded, and samples were taken for transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that GA treatment significantly increased the white exposure rate and germination rate of peanut seeds compared to the control treatment. Transcriptome analysis showed that the number of different expressed genes during the elongation stage of embryonic roots was greater than that during the swelling stage, with 253 genes co expressed during both stages. Relevant analysis indicates that MYB, bHLH, and AP2/ERF-ERF transcription factors are the main transcription factors promoting peanut seed germination. Transcriptome analysis showed that the number of differentially expressed genes during the elongation stage of embryonic roots was greater than that during the swelling stage, with 253 genes co expressed during both stages. Relevant analysis indicates that MYB, bHLH, and AP2/ERF-ERF transcription factors are the main transcription factors promoting peanut seed germination. The treatment with gibberellin inhibited the expression of AhGA2ox8, a key enzyme involved in gibberellin metabolism during the seed swelling stage, and increased the expression of CYP707A3 gene, a pathway for ABA degradation. The elongation stage of the embryonic root induces downregulation of the gibberellin receptor gene AhGID1 and promotes upregulation of the abscisic acid insensitive protein 5 gene AhABI5. This indicates that exogenous GA treatment of peanut seeds significantly differentially expressed genes related to ABA and GA synthesis metabolism and signal transduction, increased the GA/ABA ratio in peanut seeds, and promoted the breaking of dormancy and germination of peanut seeds.