Soybean is not only a source rich in protein and oil for humans and animals, but also an important cash crop. As a photoperiod-sensitive short-day crop, the photoperiod sensitivity of soybean directly influences flowering period, growth period and yield, so photoperiod adaptability has become a key factor affecting soybean in different latitudinal planting environments. With the rapid development of gene editing technology, scientists have a deeper understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of photoperiod adaptation in soybean. This article will review the research progress of molecular regulatory networks for the photoperiodic adaptability of soybeans, with a focus on analyzing the interaction mechanism between photoperiodic sensing and gene expression regulation and its influence on the photoperiodic adaptability of soybeans. Additionally, recent advancements and application prospects of gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 for enhancing photoperiod adaptability in soybean were discussed.