Alfalfa leaf-cutting bee, Megachile rotundata F., is the most important pollinator for alfalfa seed production and soybean crossing. After a brief introduction of Alfalfa leaf-cutting bee been given, the history and current situation of its application in China was summarized in the paper, including researches in the field of biology, natural enemies, reproduction technology and its application in pollination of alfalfa and soybean. Problems in research and application of the bee in China were discussed and prospects put forward.