Five rice genotypes were used to study the factors affecting callus induction and subsequent plantlet regeneration in mature embryo culture of rice. Highly efficient plantlet regeneration systems were established for tested varieties. The results were as follows: （1） Medium of NMB, NB and CC gained very well induction efficiency and excess 50 percent. （2） Induction medium which containing 2,4-D 1-2mg/L can obviously enhance the efficiency of induction. （3） D-Mannital 4g/L can improve the state and height of calli. （4） Treatment of calli for pre-regeneration before differentiation could obviously increase plantlet regeneration.