The physiological characteristics of winter wheat under different soil water conditions were studied using pot culture experiment.The results showed that leaf RWC and leaf water potential decreased with soil water decreasing,and leaf WSD increased with soil water decreasing in different growth stages.The leaf RWC, WSD of winter wheat was significantly correlated to soil water content under different soil water conditions.The leaf RWC and water potential of medium soil drought treatment and serious soil drought treatment kept lower, but that of normal soil water treatment and light soil drought treatment were higher.The average whole day transpiration under different soil water conditions was in such order as:normal soil water treatment (3.375mmol·cm^-2·s^-1)＞light soil drought treatment(3.107 mmol·cm^-2·s^-1)＞middle soil drought treatment (2.332 mmol·cm^-2·s^-1)＞serious soil drought treatment(2.018 mmol·cm^-2·s^-1).The remarkable difference of transpiration appeared at 12:00 and 14:00 under different soil water conditions.Significant correlation was found between transpiration and light intensity,RH,leaf temperature and soil water content.All these resulted in diversity of biomass under different soil water conditions.The biomass of normal soil water treatment was highest and the serious soil drought treatment the lowest.