Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of application of silicon fertilizer on rice yield components.The results showed that the application of silicon fertilizer improved the yield components significantly.With the increasing of fertilizer,panicle number,thousand-grain weight and grain number have shown an increasing trend.The effect of silicon fertilizer was obvious under the amount of 450～750 kg/hm².Fertilization was positively correlated with panicle number and thousand-grain weight.The grain number and empty flat rate showed a significant quadratic relationship with fertilization.Analysis showed that among the yield components,seed rate has greatest impact to rice yield,followed by the grain number,panicle number and thousand-grain weight,while empty flat rate has little effect on rice yield.This indicated that the application of silicon fertilizer raised the rice production mainly by the increase of thousand-grain weight,grain number and seed setting rate.