In order to discuss the potential danger of soil erosion in loess plateau area, taking the Anding District of Dingxi City, Gansu Province as the object in the study.With the help of GIS spatial analysis, and using common soil erosion equation（USLE）, soil erosion modulus was estimated and maps of soil density and soil horizon thickness were drawn.Then, the years of soil loss by erosion was calculated.In guideline with classification standards made by Ministry of Water Resources, the potential danger of soil erosion was divided into five grades, i.e., No Danger, Less Danger, Danger, Extremely, Destroyed.The potential soil erosion danger under different erosion background such as different land use type, different gradient level, different aspect and different erosion intensity was analyzed.The distribution characteristics of potential soil erosion danger were discussed.This provided the scientific basis for the treatment of soil and water conservation planning.