轻度苏打盐碱土水稻大面积超高产本田管理关键技术
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S511.06

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水利部公益项目(Z-201110)


Key Techniques of Large-scale Super-High-Yield of Rice in Light Soda Saline-Alkali Soil
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    摘要:

    在大安古河道盐碱地开发万亩试验区,选用非盐碱性超级稻吉粳88进行了轻度苏打盐碱土粳稻超高产试验。结果连片面积7.33 hm2,产量达到10 768.2 kg/hm2(标准水),较对照的超级稻品种吉粳503增产7.5%。较区域平均产量8250 kg/hm2增产达30.5%,创出松嫩平原西部苏打盐碱地粳稻大面积超高产纪录。本田管理的关键技术包括:高效洗碱使盐分降低至接近非碱性土壤临界值;适时早插延长生育期与合理密植争取穗多高产技术相结合;以原创配方施肥为基础,同时增施农肥,施足氮肥;控水上创用"浅-深-浅-湿"灌溉模式,实现高效节水。试验结果使原创品种吉粳88突破了非盐碱区界限;不同类型苏打盐碱土不仅可以开发种稻,而且有可能实现超高产,对提升区域水稻产量建设粮食基地具有重大经济与社会意义。

    Abstract:

    A super high yield experiment of rice was carried out on saline-alkali land development experimental area of Daan ancient river channel using ’Jijin 88’,a super rice variety of non-salinity.The results showed that the yield was 10768.2 kg/ha in 7.33 hectares,which was 7.5% higher than that of ’Jijing 503’ and 30.5% higher than the average of rice production on the Songneng Plain,so it became a new record of rice unit yield in the plain.The key technique included: reducing the saline of soil to critical value of the non-saline soil used drip washing,transplanting rice proper earlier to extend the growth period and planting closely to get more ears,applying formula fertilizer and plus manure to supply enough nitrogen,irrigating by shallow-deep-shallow-wet mode.This experiment extended the cultural range of ’Jijin 88’ and broke non-alkali limit.Different types of soda saline-alkali soil can be developed to grown rice,even super-high-yield can be achieved.This is of important economic and social significance to enhance the regional rice yield and construct food production base.

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李红艳,孙广友,赵立勇,王文辉,王国石,阎修民,骆寅涛,王士奎,岳福顺.轻度苏打盐碱土水稻大面积超高产本田管理关键技术[J].东北农业科学,2013,38(2):11-14,17.

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  • 收稿日期:2012-11-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-12-06
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