Fourteen main maize varieties of Jilin province were selected as test material and correlation analy-sis and path analysis used, the relationship between main agronomic characters and yield per plant was analyzed,and yield formation mechanism of high-yield new maize hybrids were studied in the paper. The results showed thatthe area of corn cob three leaves was positively and significantly related to yield per plant. From corn silking stage tothe dough stage the corn roots was positively correlated with yield per plant. The correlation coefficient of spiketraits and yield per plant from large to small was grains per row, kernel depth, kernel rate, ear length, kernel weight,ear diameter, rows per ear, which ear length, kernels per row, kernel depth, kernel weight, kernel rate were the great-est importance to the yield per plant.