Muscodor albus is a novel endophytic fungal genus that produces bioactive volatile organic com-pounds（VOCs）. This fungus produces a mixture of VOCs that are lethal to a wide variety of plant pathogenic fungi.It also is effective against nematodes and certain insects. This fungus, as well as its VOCs, has enormous potentialfor uses in biological control of plant pathogens and insects. The progress of identification, characteristics of theVOCs and its application in the biological control of agricultural pests and diseases were reviewed in this paper.Prospect of its applications in plant protection were also discussed.