369 strains were isolated from the samples of rice seedling blight in 16 counties of HeilongjiangProvince, which were divided into three genera and nine species through morphological observation and moleculardetection. The results of pathogenicity test indicated that Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticillioides showedstronger pathogenicity than others. The virulence of Rhizoctonia solani is weaker than F. oxysporum and F. Verticillioides, but stronger than that of Fusarium solani, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium proliferatum and Pythium spp. Fusarium commune has no pathogenicity to rice seedling, suggesting that it’s just a kind of saprophyt-ic pathogen. According to the occurrence frequency and the results of pathogenicity test,F. oxysporum and F. verticillioides were considered as the dominant pathogens of rice seedling blight in Heilongjiang Province.