模拟降雨条件下坡度对东北黑土区坡面侵蚀过程的影响
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S157.1

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吉林农业大学科研启动基金(201140);吉林省科技厅青年科研基金项目(20130522078JH)


Effect of Slope Gradients on Erosion of Black Soil under Simulated Rainfall Conditions in Northeast China
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    摘要:

    利用野外模拟降雨实验,分析了不同坡度(3°,5°,7°,9°,12°,15°)、不同降雨强度(70,100,120mm/h)条件下,黑土坡地产流和产沙特性随坡度和降雨强度的变化规律。研究结果表明:降雨强度小,产流时间长且坡度对产流时间影响小。降雨强度大,产流时间短且坡度对产流时间的影响明显;在坡度较小的条件下,降雨强度对坡面径流量的影响较小,较大坡度条件下,降雨强度对坡面径流量的影响较大;在同一降雨强度下随坡度的增加,侵蚀产沙率基本呈现增大的趋势;坡度对侵蚀产沙率的影响程度与降雨强度有一定关系;在12°~15°之间存在本试验条件下的临界坡度,超过临界坡度12°后侵蚀产沙率和总产沙量都大幅度下降。

    Abstract:

    Using simulated rainfall test method, in which slopes were 3°, 5°, 7°, 9°, 12° and 15° and rainfall in-tensities were 70, 100, 120 mm/h, regulations of the runoff and sediment varied with the rainfall intensity and slopegradients were studied. The results showed that under weak rainfall intensity, runoff time was long and effect ofslope gradients on runoff time was less. Under bigger rain intensity, runoff time was short and effect of slope gradi-ents on runoff time was significant. On slight slope, effect of rainfall intensity on runoff erosion was less; on steepslope, effect of rainfall intensity on runoff erosion was bigger. Under the same rainfall intensity, rate of sediment in-creased when the slope increased, and this relationship was affected by the rainfall intensity. There was the criticalslope between 12ånd 15°. The rate of runoff erosion and the amount of sediment reduced quickly when the slopewas over 12°.

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李洪丽,纪莉.模拟降雨条件下坡度对东北黑土区坡面侵蚀过程的影响[J].东北农业科学,2015,40(6):51-54,58.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-06-14
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-12-06
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