To investigate the effect of nitrogen application rate and planting density on rice grain yield and quality characteristics, we used japonica rice cultivar ’Jijing 513’as the test material in this study. Split plot experiments with N application rate（N 150, 200 and 250 kg/ha） as main plot and planting density（33.33 ×10⁴,22.22 ×10⁴ and 16.67 ×10⁴ seedlings/ha） as sub-plot were carried out. The results showed that both N application rate and planting density had significant effects on the effective panicles of the japonica rice cultivar ’Jijing 513’. The combination of N application rate of 200 kg/ha and planting density of 22.22 ×10⁴ seedlings/ha led to the highest yield（9.43×10³ kg/ha）, which was significantly higher than other treatments. Meanwhile, these were proper conditions to decrease the chalkiness and increase the protein content of grain.