Objective of this study was to explore the effects of different fertilization patterns on rice yield and soil fertility, and found the best fertilization patterns on paddy field with different fertility levels. In this study, rice yield and soil fertility changes of non-fertilization（T1）, conventional fertilization（T2）, 40% organic fertilizer（T3） and pure fertilizer（T4） were compared in Hehua village（low-yielding field） and Dahu village（high-yielding field）. Results showed that fertilization treatment significantly improved the yield of rice in Hehua and Dahu. Rice yield of T2 and T3 treatments was significantly increased by increasing the number of effective ears and grains per ear. In Hehua, production of T4 treatment increased by 49.8%, 2.28% and 0.08%, respectively, compared with T1-T3. In Dahu, production of T3 treatment increased by 34.15%, 12.43% and 8.84%, respectively, compared with T1, T2 and T4. The comprehensive evaluation value of soil nutrient content and fertility in both places showed that T3 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and it increased year by year. In conclusion, not applying fertilizer can reduce rice yield and soil fertility. Conventional fertilization in low-yielding fields can significantly improve rice yield and soil nutrients in a short period of time, but the proportion of organic fertilizer should be appropriately increased in long-term fertilization. The application of organic and inorganic fertilizer in high yield field can achieve good effect of fertilizer cultivation.