The evolution of planting structure in Jilin Province since the reform and opening-up was reviewed in the paper. The predicament of planting structure in Jilin Province at present was analyzed from three aspects of market,ecology and technology. The predicament mainly laid in the high import of foreign grain, the serious backlog of grain in Jilin Province, the serious decline of soil fertility and the unbalanced development of agricultural technology. In order to promote the supply-side structural reform of planting industry in Jilin Province, several policy suggestions were put forward, i.e., reducing the planting area of grain maize to optimize the internal structure of planting crops,strengthening the protection of ecological resources to develop agricultural circular economy, strengthening investment in breeding research and improving the level of agricultural technology and equipment.