Walnut canker disease has become one of important diseases which injury bark of walnut branches. The fungi overwinters at the disease part in mycelia or pycnidia. In the spring, conidiospore emergence, which spread with the aid of wind, rain and insects. The disease occurs mainly in the spring and autumn. Large amount of conidiospore are released when the air humidity is heavy. It may infect several times in a year, so it do serous harm to the development of walnut production. In this paper, the pathogens, host, pathogenic factors and the measures of prevention of walnut canker disease were reviewed. This will provide reference for further prevention of this disease.