Taking 62 counties in Jiangsu as the research object, this paper analyzes the spatialtemporal pattern and coupling relationship between grain production and economic development in 1996～2015 by means of gravity coupling model, unbalanced index and CGE index. The results showed as follow:（1）The speed of economic growth in Jiangsu is faster than that of grain production which is characterized by significant stage characteristics and spatial differences, and the phenomenon of spatial allocation dislocation is obvious.（2）The gravity center of the two parts were typically located in the central and southern regions. The grain gravity center generally moved to northwest, while the economic center of gravity moves to the southeast in the same period, with a small range. The overlap part showed the feature of first decreasing and then rising slightly and the change consistency shows the feature of stage change.（3）The unbalanced situation of the two parts in Jiangsu had experienced the rule of first strengthening and then weakening. The main feature was characterized by higher concentration of grain production, and developed counties in southern Jiangsu had a lower level of grain production, which displays a reverse-economic feature in the course of grain production concentration. Finally, according to the regional characteristics of the coupling types of the two parts, some suggestions are provided to optimize the spatiotemporal coupling of grain production and economic development in Jiangsu.