In this experiment, 4 apple resources were used as test materials to determine the contents of sugar and water in dormant branches of one-year-old apple trees in different periods. The correlation of temperature was analyzed to provide theoretical basis for cold resistance evaluation, cultivation management and safe overwintering techniques of apple resources. The results showed that from late January to early May, the soluble sugar content of branches decreased first and then increased. The total water content of the same resource was basically constant, the bound water content and the ratio of bound water to free water showed a trend of first decreased and then increased.The free water content showed a trend of first decreased and then increased. Pearson correlation co-efficient showed that the soluble sugar content, the ratio of bound water to free water were negatively correlated with the external temperature and positively correlated with the daily temperature difference. Therefore, the contents of soluble sugar and water in apple annual branches during dormancy period could reflect the effects of water and soluble sugar on the growth of apple branches. The data can provide references for scientific evaluation of cold resistance of apple.