The basic physical parameters and mechanical properties of precut sugarcane seed block were studied in this paper. The ultimate strength of sugarcane seed material under various loads was obtained, which provides a reference for the basic physical parameters of sugarcane seeds and the dynamic mechanism of sugarcane seeds in the precutting sugarcane planter design. It is hoped that it can promote the study of mechanized precision sowing of sugarcane. The results showed that: basic physical parameters: the length of sugarcane seed block was 55～65 mm, the average weight was 10.96 g, the diameter was 32.21 mm, the density was 1.05 g/mm³, and the moisture content was 75.35%. Mechanical characteristic parameters: the axial and radial tensile strength of sugarcane skin and sugarcane core was 43.9、1.2 and 0.3 Mpa,the axial and radial compression strength of the stalk were 5.6 and 1.6 Mpa. The axial and radial shear strength of the stalk were 1.0 and 0.7 Mpa, and the bending strength of stem is 8.7 Mpa. The average value of sliding friction angle is 30 ～ 35°.