In order to determine the changes of sugar and acid composition during the fruit development of Actinidia arguta, the contents of sugar and acid in the fruit development of three varieties（lines） of Actinidia arguta were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometer. The results showed that the changes of sugar and acid components and contents of the three varieties（lines） of Actinidia arguta were similar. The cultivars of three varieties（lines） contained sucrose, fructose and glucose, and sucrose was the main sugar. Citric acid, quinic acid, ascorbic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid and shikimic acid were contained in the fruits of three varieties（lines）,but lactic acid was only detected in kuilv, which belongs to dominant fruit of citric acid, but the components of organic acids in different varieties（lines） are not identical. During the fruit development of Actinidia arguta, the contents of sugar and acid changed, and fructose was dominant in the middle stage of fruit development. However, after the fruit began to mature, the sucrose and glucose increased in varying degrees. Finally, sucrose was dominant and fructose and glucose contents were similar. In the early stage of fruit development, quinic acid was the dominant acid, but during the ripening process, citric acid became the dominant acid, and the decrease of quinic acid was the second.