Based on temperature and moisture of soil characters in Jilin, the influence of different sowing periods onseedling emergence rate and yield of spring maize were conducted. The optimal sowing period was determined,which provided theoretical basis for high yield production of spring maize in Jilin. In this study, the maize varietySongyu 419 was used as experimental material with an interval of 5-6 days sowing dates. The temperature and mois-ture of soil data during maize seedling stages were recorded, and yield and yield components were also detected. Amathematical model of multiple linear regression of seedling rate, soil temperature and moisture was established.The results showed that the emergence and the seedling emergence rate of spring maize in field experiment were sig-nificantly positively correlated with soil temperature and water, and the change of soil temperature and moisture dur-ing sowing significantly affected grain yield at maturity. When the temperature is constant, the soil moisture contentincreases by 1%, the emergence increases by 0.789%, and the seedling emergence rate increases by 0.798%. Whenthe soil volumetric water content is constant, the temperature increases by 1℃, the emergence increases by 0.352%,and the seedling emergence rate increases by 0.793%. Songyu 419 had the highest yield when sown on April 29,which was 6.66% higher than that in normal sowing period（May 4）. In other words, in late April and early May ofeach year, when the average soil temperature was 13.1-13.6℃ and the soil volume moisture content was 13.1%-15.3%, it was the best sowing time. Soil moisture had the greatest effect on spring maize seedling emergence rate,while soil temperature had the greatest effect on spring maize seedling emergence rate.