In the context of global climate change, the impact of China’s agricultural production activities has been more and more serious. Taking rice as the research object, this paper summarizes and analyzes the interrelation and mechanism between climate change and agricultural activities from the perspectives of production mode, planting system, mode of operation, structure and layout. The results showed that: the existing studies mainly analyzes the impact of climate change on rice yield and rice acreage, in the field of adaptability and vulnerability of rice production to climate change, almost "nobody cares". Therefore, the research on adaptive behavior of rice growers in the context of climate change will be the main direction of future research. Strengthening research in these fields will help deepen and perfect the mechanism of two-way interaction between climate change and agriculture.