With the development of information technology, the Internet of Things（IoT） technology and low altitude remote sensing technology represented by drones have been widely used in fields such as production practice and environmental monitoring. In modern agricultural pest monitoring, the IoT and low altitude remote sensing technology can monitor crop pests and diseases from the ground microscopic and aerial macroscopic perspectives, and analyze their pathogenic environmental factors. Farms are usually located in remote areas far away from infrastructure,and agricultural IoT applications face limited energy supply. UAVs collect information on farm diseases and insect pests, which have the advantages of high flexibility, low cost, and timeliness of data. However, UAVs face problems such as short stagnation time and frequent battery replacement. By establishing a lighting model, the article realizes the automatic adjustment of the angle between the solar panel and the sunlight, so that the solar panel is always perpendicular to the sun's rays, and effectively improves the utilization of solar energy. In terms of drone applications,by adjusting the angle between the drone's wings and the wind direction of the farm during aerial photography, the drone can make full use of farm wind energy, reduce energy consumption, and extend flight time to meet the needs of farm pest monitoring.. In addition, by analyzing the results of drone monitoring and farm environmental information obtained by the IoT, the relationship between the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and the environment can be obtained, and the environmental mechanism of disease and insect pests can be studied and analyzed.