The governance of deep poverty in rural areas is the top priority of poverty alleviation. Based on the perspective of hematopoietic poverty alleviation, using the tracking survey data of 370 poor farmers in Lishu County of Jilin Province from 2015 to 2017, this paper uses the PSM propensity matching score method to eliminate the self selection problem caused by the heterogeneity of farmers' endowment, and based on the results of balance test, selects the most stable matching method to estimate the average processing effect of hematopoietic poverty alleviation on Farmers' income growth. Research shows（1） Overall, the hematopoietic poverty alleviation can improve the level of disposable income of farmers.（2） In terms of income sources, the average treatment effect of hematopoietic poverty alleviation on the growth of migrant workers is more significant.（3） When the self-selection problem caused by the heterogeneity of farmers' endowment is eliminated, the estimated results of various incomes are lower than the descriptive statistical mean mentioned above, indicating that the effect of the hematopoietic poverty alleviation on incomes will be overestimated if the problem of farmers' self-selection is ignored. Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward some Suggestions on how to actively guide the poor households to participate in the hematopoietic poverty alleviation measures and how to adopt the hematopoietic poverty alleviation measures.