In order to explore the changes of yield, photosynthetic characteristics and economic benefits of japonica hybrid rice under different cultivation modes, field experiments were conducted in Panjin and Donggang cities of Liaoning Province in 2019. Three high light efficiency cultivation modes and one local conventional cultivation mode were set up with japonica hybrid rice Liaoyou 9906 as experimental material. The rice yield, photosynthetic characteristics and paddy field economy of two ecological regions under different planting modes were analyzed. The results showed that the wide narrow row cultivation mode could improve the light transmittance of 40 cm and 60 cm canopy, optimize the photosynthetic parameters and achieve high yield of rice on the basis of ensuring the productive panicle number, while the planting mode of "planting 12 ridges and empty 1 ridge" can optimize the habitat of river crab, increase the output of river crab and improve the comprehensive economic benefits. In the high yield ecological region, Panjin experimental site increased the yield of river crab and enhanced the comprehensive income by ensuring the rice yield. The planting mode of“alternately planting of broad line and narrow line”increased rice yield and comprehensive income on the basis of stabilizing crab output in Donggang experimental site.