Waste material of Auricularia auricula（WMAA） degenerated from the culture medium after edible fungi harvesting still contains quite a few nutrients that are beneficial to the growth of crops. WMAA is a good organic material and ameliorant for soil improvement. We adopted a randomized block test design method and investigated physicochemical properties and microorganisms of soil in fields amended with WMAA. Five treatments were set up as follows: no fertilization（CK）, chemical nitrogen fertilizer 120 kg/ha（T1）, application of WMAA instead of 20%（T2）, 40%（T3）, 60%（T4） chemical nitrogen fertilizer. The WMAA was fully mixed with soil surface horizon（0～20 cm）.The findings demonstrated that application of the WMAA significantly decreased the penetration resistance of soil surface（0～20 cm）. WMAA had a role in improvement of soil structure which was evident by a decrease soil solid phase, soil bulk density and increase MWD of soil water stable aggregates, which became more obvious as the amounts of WMAA were increased, and the difference indicated significant level compared with CK（P＜0.05）. Compared with CK, the yield of increase ratio was 10.51%, 3.31%, 8.19%, 9.01% in 2015, and 4.61%, 0.60%, 5.13%,4.53% in 2016. The application of different amounts of WMAA had positive effect on soil and the yield of potato.Combined with the results of potato yield, the author concluded that the use of WMAA to instead of 40% nitrogen fertilizer was reasonable.