水肥耦合对烤烟氮素吸收和产值的影响
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S572

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黑龙江省烟草公司科技开发项目(HN201704)


Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Nitrogen Absorption and Output Value of Flue-Cured Tobacco
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    摘要:

    试验研究了水肥耦合对烤烟生长发育以及氮素吸收的影响规律,为推广烤烟水肥一体化技术提供理论依据。试验设常规施肥(雨养)、常规施肥结合补灌(对照)、50%水肥耦合(基肥占50%)、100%水肥耦合4个处理。小区采用随机区组设计,3次重复。结果表明:补灌与雨养相比,补灌处理可以促进烤烟团棵期的生长发育和氮素吸收,较雨养处理地上部干物质积累和氮素吸收量分别提高了33.61%和49.61%。水肥耦合与补灌相比,于烤烟旺长期,水肥耦合处理中部叶和上部叶氮素吸收显著低于补灌;在烤烟打顶期,50%水肥耦合能显著提高烤烟茎部、中部叶、上部叶氮素吸收量22.83%、32.05%和114.45%,而100%水肥耦合能显著提高烤烟茎部氮素吸收19.50%;于烤烟打顶期前,50%水肥耦合处理烤烟地上部干物质积累量与氮素吸收量显著低于补灌,而打顶期却较补灌处理分别提高了14.15%和44.54%。水肥耦合与雨养和补灌相比,50%水肥耦合处理上等烟比例显著高于雨养处理,较雨养和补灌处理上等烟比例提高11.62%和7.6%。综合分析结果表明,采用水肥耦合有利于烤烟生长发育、氮素吸收和烟叶质量的提高。

    Abstract:

    The test researched in rule of influence of water and fertilizer coupling on the growth of flue-cured tobacco and on the absorption of nitrogen, which provides theoretical basis for promoting the techniques of the fluecured tobacco integrated with water and fertilizer. The experiment included four treatments: conventional fertilization(rain-fed), conventional fertilization combined with supplementary irrigation, 50% water and fertilizer coupling,and 100% water and fertilizer coupling. The plot was randomly designed and repeated for 3 times. The results show that: Compared supplementary irrigation with rain-fed, supplementary irrigation can promote the development and nitrogen absorption of flue-cured tobacco at the rosette stage, and that respectively increased the above-ground dry matter accumulation and the above-ground nitrogen absorption of flue-cured tobacco by 33.61% and 49.61%. In fast growing stage of flue-cured tobacco, compared water-fertilizer coupling with supplementary irrigation, the middle leaf and the upper leaf were significantly lower than the supplementary irrigation. In topping stage of fluecured tobacco, compared water-fertilizer coupling with supplementary irrigation, 50% water and fertilizer coupling can significantly increase nitrogen uptake in the stem, the middle leaf and the upper leaf of flue-cured tobacco by 22.83%, 32.05% and 114.45%, respectively. 100% water and fertilizer coupling can significantly increase nitrogen uptake in the stem of flue-cured tobacco by 19.50%. Before the topping stage of flue-cured tobacco, the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption in the above-ground part of flue-cured tobacco treated with 50% waterfertilizer coupling were significantly lower than that treated with supplementary irrigation. At the topping stage, the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption were increased by 14.15% and 44.54% respectively compared with that treated with supplementary irrigation. Compared water-fertilizer coupling and supplementary irrigation and rain-fed, the proportion of superior tobacco treated with 50% water and fertilizer coupling was significantly higher than the rain-fed and supplementary irrigation treatment, and the proportion of superior tobacco treated with rainfed and supplementary irrigation was increased by 11.62% and 7.6% respectively. The comprehensive analysis indicated that the coupling of water and fertilizer was beneficial to the growth, nitrogen absorption and leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco.

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李健铭,邵红英,康添,姚德贵,彦培强,王鹏,辛刚.水肥耦合对烤烟氮素吸收和产值的影响[J].东北农业科学,2021,46(6):51-55.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-26
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