The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of TMSβ10 gene in skin hair follicle and hair papilla cells of Liaoning cashmere goats.On the basis of measuring cashmere fineness,secondary hair follicles and hair papilla cells were isolated and cultured in vitro,and the expression levels of TMSβ10 in hair follicles and hair papilla cells of cashmere goats with different fineness were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the average diameter of cashmere in cashmere goat population was（17.70+1.59） μm.The expression level of TMSβ10 in the hair follicles of high-fineness individuals was significantly lower than that of low-fineness individuals,but the result was opposite in the dermal papilla cells in vitro.This study provided experimental materials for further research on the genetic mechanism of cashmere fineness traits in the future.