河北平原小麦赤霉病发病特征及致病菌种群结构研究
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S432.1

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河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队项目(HBCT2018010205);河北省省属高等学校基本业务费(KY2021062);河北省大中学生科技创新能力培育专项(2021H060515)


Characteristics of Wheat Scab Incidence and Population Structure of Pathogenic Bacteria in Hebei Plain
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    摘要:

    为明确河北平原小麦赤霉病发病特征及致病菌种群结构,本研究首先分析邯郸、邢台、石家庄、衡水、沧州、保定、廊坊、唐山、秦皇岛等9市2000~2017年小麦赤霉病发病情况,结果表明:冀南麦区(邢台和邯郸)发病面积较小,冀中麦区的衡水和石家庄发病中等,沧州和保定较小,但该4地赤霉病发生面积有加重;冀中北(廊坊)及冀东地区(秦皇岛和唐山)仅个别年份有发生,整体发病面积很小。基于对河北平原各地小麦赤霉病发生情况的分析,于2017~2018年小麦季,对赤霉病发病面积较大的冀中南地区,选择辛集、深州、大名等15个典型县(市、区),采集赤霉病发病严重地块的感病麦穗,通过组织分离法,分离获得1 092株小麦赤霉病致病菌株,进一步对分离获得菌株进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定。结果表明:冀中南地区小麦赤霉病的主要致病菌为禾谷镰刀菌和黄色镰刀菌,其分离频率分别为72.8%和27.2%;不同致病菌在不同区域分离频率差异较大,冀中除高碑店外,其他地区禾谷镰刀菌分离频率均低于80%;新河以南的冀南地区则普遍高于80%,本研究将为该区小麦赤霉病绿色高效防控技术体系的构建提供理论依据。

    Abstract:

    In order to clarify the characteristics of wheat scab and the population structure of the pathogens in Hebei Plain, this study first analyzed the incidence of wheat scab in nine cities in 2000-2017, including Handan, Xingtai,Shijiazhuang, Hengshui, Cangzhou, Baoding, Langfang, Tangshan and Qinhuangdao.The results showed that the incidence area of scab was larger in the south of Hebei Province(Xingtai and Handan), moderate in Hengshui and Shijiazhuang, and small in Cangzhou and Baoding, but the incidence area of scab was increased in the four regions,while only in a few years in the north of Hebei Province(Langfang) and the east of Hebei Province(Qinhuangdao and Tangshan), the overall incidence area was very small. Based on the analysis of the occurrence of wheat scab in Hebei Plain, in the wheat season of 2017-2018, 15 typical counties(cities and districts) such as Xinji, Shenzhou and Daming were selected to collect the susceptible wheat ears of the plots with serious scab, and total 1,092 strains of wheat scab pathogenic strains were isolated and further analyzed by tissue separation method. The results showed that the main pathogens of wheat scab were Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, with the isolation frequency of 72.8% and 27.2% respectively; the isolation frequency of different pathogens in different regions was quite different, except for Gaobeidian, the isolation frequency of Fusarium graminearum in other regions was lower than 80%; but in South of Xinhe, the isolation frequency of Fusarium graminearum was generally higher than 80%.It will provide theoretical basis for the construction of green and efficient control technology system of wheat scab in this area.

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石怡彤,刘豆豆,李浩宇,李沐阳,甄文超,尹宝重.河北平原小麦赤霉病发病特征及致病菌种群结构研究[J].东北农业科学,2022,47(3):117-122.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-17
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-09
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