62 tropical CIMMYT maize germplasm and 2 temperate maize inbred lines were used as experimental materials for construct a foundation for the research and utilization of tropical germplasm in this study. The method of artificial short day was used to experimental materials in 3-8 leaf period. The results showed that 62 tropical germplasm showed a significant differences on photosensitive and temperature-sensitive while 2 temperate germplasm showed inactive in light temperature response. The variation, sum, mean, range, variance of plant height, ear height,stem diameter, task-branch and variation coefficients all increased. The traits variation coefficients of 7 traits were more than 10% and the variation coefficients of panicle position, tassel branch and flowering interval were more than 50%. Compared with the control group, plant height decreased 0-44%, ear height decreased 0-92%, stem diameter decreased 34%-135%, and task-branch decreased 11%-167%. The incidence level of maize big spot disease was 1-9, and the average incidence level was 3.5. The overall disease resistance level was relatively high. The level of northern leaf blight of two inbred lines was 7 and 9 after short day treatment, the number of leaves decreased by 0-65%. The tropical germplasm was sensitive to light and temperature and the fertility rate of filaments and pollen increased by 19.4%. Correlation analysis showed that the number of leaves in the control group and the shading group were significantly positively correlated with plant height, stem diameter and flowering interval. The correlation between flowering interval and stem diameter was high.