In order to explore the techniques of chromosome production and karyotype analysis of sunflower root tip cells, the Aidatou seed of sunflower was used as the research material. The experiments were performed using the dehulled hypotonic flame drying method and the conventional dyeing method. The results showed that the conventional dyeing method was better and could be used for karyotype analysis. Chromosome analysis of sunflower chromosomes was performed by selecting clear chromosome images. The karyotype of Aidatou F1 seed was 2n=34=24m（Sat）+2St+8Sm（Sat）.