10 northeast backbone inbred lines and 49 tropical and subtropical maize germplasm were used in this study,natural drought and polyethylene glycol（PEG） drought condition set in the field and laboratory,A yield drought index and drought index seedling traits related analysis of 10 backbone inbred to evaluate 49 tropical and subtropical backbone inbred lines drought resistance.The results showed that,Zheng 58 has grade 1 drought tolerance,PH6WC and Ji 853 have grade 3 drought tolerance,444 and Ji V203 have grade 5 drought tolerance,4112,K10,8902 and 99060 have grade 7 drought tolerance,and red corn has grade 9 drought tolerance.According to the correlation analysis of drought tolerance index of 10 inbred lines,the drought-tolerance index of plant height was positively correlated with the drought-tolerance index of yield with the highest correlation coefficient（0.81）,and the drought-tolerance index of plant height could be used as the basis for screening drought-tolerance materials of tropical germplasm.The drought tolerance index of 10 subtropical and subtropical germplasm（CML322,CML172,etc.）was higher than Zheng 58,and had drought tolerance of level 1.The drought tolerance index of 10 germplasm（CML223,CML145,etc.） was higher than Ji 853,and had drought tolerance of level 3.