Wheat field wireless sensor network is an important basis for realizing agricultural precision operation such as wheat variable fertilization, irrigation decision-making, pest control and other. Aimed at the problems of dynamic changes in wireless sensor networks and short monitoring cycles due to inconvenient power supply for monitoring the wheat farmland and complicated environment. A Topology based energy-efficient cluster-head rotation Scheme for wireless sensor networks in wheat fields（TECRS） was proposed from the perspective of Energy consumption optimization. In this method, the competitive weight of cluster heads was calculated based on the residual energy, topological position, node degree and other factors; and the sensor nodes with high residual energy, large node degree and close to the sink node were selected as the cluster heads in order to improve the energy use efficiency of nodes and extend the network life; finally, in order to solve the problem of high overhead of frequent rotation of cluster heads in traditional clustering algorithm, by changing the cycle of cluster head selection, comparing the average energy consumption and network life of the algorithm under different rotation cycles, the optimal frequency of cluster head rotation was determined. The simulation results show that when the first round of cluster change was carried out every 9 rounds of data upload, the network life cycle and node energy balance of the TECRS algorithm were optimal. The network life cycle was about 2 times of Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy（LEACH）, 1.3 times of Energy Efficient Double Rounds Clustering Protocol（EEDRCP） and A Layer-based Unequal Clustering Routing Protocol（LUCR）, and the energy balance performance of the three algorithms was better, which was more suitable for the monitoring of wheat field wireless sensor network with limited energy Application.