To explore the limiting factor among different rice yields level in saline-sodic area of the western Songnen Plain, and increase the yield of rice in the area. To increase the yield of rice in the area, four yield level were settled, including basal level, local farmer level, high yield and high efficiency level and super high yield level.Based on population growth and population micrometeorological factors, the limiting factors of yield hierarchy differences were analyzed. The results showed that low population growth rate, net assimilation rate, photosynthetic potential, low net photosynthetic rate, insufficient leaf area index and light interception in canopy were the limiting factors for low level yield of local farmer level in saline-sodic areas. It is one of the key technical measures to reduce the difference of different yield levels of saline-sodic paddy fields in Songnen Plain to optimize the management technology, construct a reasonable population structure, improve the leaf area of the population, improve the photosynthetic material production capacity and enhance the light interception of the population.