In order to clarify the dry matter accumulation and transport characteristics of high-yield soybean canopy, two soybean varieties were used as test materials. The samples were dried according to different parts and organs, and studied. Temporal and spatial distribution of dry matter of high-yield spring soybean, dry matter transfer of nutrient organs, transfer rate and contribution rate to grain. The results showed that the leaf area index of Shidadou2 and Heinong63 reached the maximum in the R4 stage, and the leaf area index of the Shidadou2 was significantly larger than that of the control Heinong63 in the R4 to R7 period, mainly due to the difference in leaf area index between the lower part and the upper part. The result is that the leaf area index of the two varieties is the largest,followed by the upper part and the lower part. The dry matter accumulation rate of Shidadou2 was 8.5 d higher than that of Heinong63. The distribution of dry matter in pod + grain was as high as 60%, 16.7% higher than that of Heinong63. The amount of transfer, transfer rate and contribution rate to grain were all expressed as upper ＞ middle ＞lower. The dry matter transfer rate and transfer rate of the lower, middle and upper parts of Shidadou2 were significantly higher than that of Heinong63, and the dry matter transfer of the lower, middle and upper parts was 79.6%,34.6% and 28.3% higher than that of Heinong63, respectively. The transfer rate was 64.8%, 15.7%, and 7.2%higher than that of Heinong63, respectively. The highest yield of Shidadou2 was 5452.2 kg/ha, which was 1115.7kg/ha higher than that of Heinong63, mainly due to the difference in pod number and grain number in the middle and upper parts. Therefore, in the soybean production process, while ensuring the upper and lower pods of the plant,taking into account the lower yield of the canopy of the plant is the key to increasing soybean yield.