To study the effects of Na₂SO₄, NaHCO₃, and Na₂CO₃ salt stress on the germination of shepherd's purse seeds, the three salts were treated with 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 mmol/L solutions. The germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vigor index, shoot length, and radicle length were determined, and functional equations were established to predict the tolerance values of shepherd's purse seeds to the three salts. The results showed that 10 mmol/L Na₂SO₄ promoted the germination of shepherd's purse seeds, while all other treatments inhibited germination. The growth of shoots and radicles was suppressed under all treatments. The tolerance thresholds for radicle growth under Na₂SO₄, NaHCO₃, and Na₂CO₃ stress were 51.36, 28.90, 20.33 mmol/L, respectively. Shepherd's purse seed germination exhibited a certain degree of tolerance to all three salt stresses, with the tolerance order being Na₂SO₄＞NaHCO₃＞Na₂CO₃.