In order to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer and fertilizer ratio application on the population dynamics and rice yield of rice Sitobion avenae（Fabricius）under two tillage methods. Four treatments were set: no fertilization + conventional tillage treatment（CK）, full fertilizer + conventional tillage treatment（CF）, organic fertilizer + chemical fertilizer + conventional tillage treatment（OF）, organic fertilizer + chemical fertilizer + straw returning treatment（SR）. In 2021 and 2022, the dynamics of Sitobion avenae（Fabricius）occurrence in Panjin rice area of Liaoning Province were investigated and the rice yield was measured. The results showed that the cumulative aphid population of CK treatment was the lowest 4 095 and 3 571, respectively, and that OF treatment was 5 575 and 10 575, respectively. The cumulative aphid population of OF treatment was significantly lower than that of CF and SR treatment. At the same time, the rice yields of OF treatment were 945.85 kg/667 m² and 806.72 kg/667 m²,respectively. There was no significant difference in rice yield of OF treatment compared with CF and SR treatment.Comprehensive evaluation of rice yield and damage degree of Sitobion avenae（Fabricius）showed that organic fertilizer + chemical fertilizer + conventional tillage treatment（OF）treatment could not only ensure stable rice yield, but also reduce the damage of rice aphid.