In order to clarify the difference of resistance of rice varieties to sheath blight in Heilongjiang Province and the rationality of disease grading criteria for resistance evaluation, 44 rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province were selected for comparative test by artificial inoculation method. The grading standard and resistance evaluation standard for resistance evaluation of sheath blight at mature-plant stage were established according to the national agricultural industry standard“Technical specification for identification of rice resistance to sheath blight”(NY/T2720-2015). 8 resistant varieties were determined, accounting for 18.2% of the tested rice varieties, 21 moderately resistant varieties, accounting for 47.7% of the tested rice varieties, 14 susceptible varieties, accounting for 31.8% of the tested rice varieties, and 1 highly susceptible variety, accounting for 2.3% of the tested rice varieties, which can provide excellent resistance sources for rice resistance breeding. In addition, the test results proved that the improved grading standard is feasible and suitable for the identification of rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province.