In order to efficiently make use of climate resources and optimize the regional layout of potato planting in Ulanqab, daily meteorological data from 11 weather stations during 1991-2022 were used to build temperature suitability, precipitation suitability and light suitability model based on the fuzzy mathematical principle. Using geographic information technology, analysis the spatial and temporal characteristics of potato climatic suitability, and explore the contribution rate of climate factors for potato climatic suitability change. The results show that the temperature suitability index and the light suitability index are higher than precipitation suitability index during the whole growth period of potato in Ulanqab. Precipitation suitability index is the lowest with the largest coefficient of variation in each growth stages, showing that precipitation condition is the main limiting factor for potato growth and development in Ulanqab. The highest comprehensive climatic suitability index of potato is found in the emergencebranching period, followed by sowing-emergence period, branching-inflorescence period, while the lowest is in inflorescence-flowering period and flowering-harvesting period. For the spatial distribution, the temperature suitability index shows a distribution trend of high in the north and low in the south and all reaching above 0.75. The value of precipitation suitability increases from northwest to southeast. The value of light suitability reduces from northwest to southeast. The value of comprehensive suitability fluctuated gently between 0.60 and 0.67, which highvalue zones in the central and southern regions, while the low value area is in the southwest of Siziwangqi and parts of Shangdu County. The precipitation in growing season contributes positively to the climatic suitability of potato,the accumulated temperature contributes negatively, and the light contributes insignificantly.