To investigate the effects of oligosaccharides on growth and steviol glycosides（SGs） accumulation in Stevia rebaudiana, field-grown Stevia rebaudiana plants were treated with chitosan oligosaccharide（COS） and alginate oligosaccharide（AOS）. Key growth parameters and SGs content were measured. The results showed that compared to the control, under COS treatment, the fresh weight of leaves was increased by 34.00%, the content of rebaudioside A, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside M and total SGs were significantly increased by 62.24%, 66.67%, 58.43%, and 59.26%, respectively; after AOS treatment, the fresh weight of leaves was increased by 21.04%, the amount of rebaudioside A and total SGs were significantly increased by 53.79% and 48.45%, respectively. In summary, both COS and AOS treatments are efficient and feasible agronomic practices to enhance steviol glycoside content in practical production.