This study selected rice varieties such as Longken 201, Longjing 57, Kendao 34, and Kongyu 131 to explore the potential effects of nitrogen reduction strategies on rice yield, root morphology, and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that the application of cake fertilizer increased the yields of Kendao 34, Kongyu 131,Longken 201, and Longjing 57 by 274 kg/ha, 555 kg/ha, 210 kg/ha, and 487 kg/ha, respectively. In addition, the study found that after increasing the application of cake fertilizer, the soil pH value increased by 16.07% compared to conventional cultivation. In summary, optimizing cultivation measures not only significantly increases rice yield but also improves root structure and optimizes soil physicochemical properties. These research results have practical significance, providing effective technical support for improving rice production efficiency and promoting sustainable agricultural development.