Cadmium pollution in agricultural soils has become a serious threat to global food security. This study investigated the effects of different concentrations（0, 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg） of cadmium stress on the growth and biochemical responses of Aegilops tauschii seedlings through a pot-based controlled experiment, aiming to provide insights for researching its invasion mechanism and screening potential sources of wheat tolerance genes. The results showed that Cd stress inhibits photosynthesis in A. tauschii seedlings, leading to a significant reduction in chlorophyll a and b, and total chlorophyll content, as well as in plant height and root length. In response to Cd stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were significantly elevated, as was the content of proline and soluble proteins, in the roots of A. tauschii. Although the 30 mg·kg^-1 Cd treatment had the most pronounced impact on growth parameters, no significant differences in H₂O₂ and TBARS levels were observed in A.tauschii roots at this concentration compared to the control. In summary, A. tauschii can tolerate a certain degree of Cd stress through self-regulation mechanisms.