To address the need for a comprehensive evaluation of key agronomic traits such as growth duration, grain moisture content, and disease resistance in summer maize varieties within the Huang-Huai-Hai region, this study utilized 34 summer maize varieties as experimental materials, employing variability analysis, correlation analysis,factor analysis, and the CRITIC-weighted TOPSIS method, constructing a multi-index comprehensive evaluation system to select suitable high-quality varieties for the relay cropping pattern of "summer maize–winter wheat". The results showed that the coefficients of variation for growth period, yield per hectare, and grain moisture content were relatively low（0.62%-3.64%）, while those for the sum of stalk rot and lodging rate were relatively high（67.39% and65.59%）, indicating a great potential for improvement in disease resistance. The correlation analysis showed that yield was significantly positively correlated with ear length, growth period was significantly positively correlated with100-grain weight and grain moisture content, and stalk rot was significantly positively correlated with the sum of lodging rate. The morphological trait analysis indicated that varieties with semi-dent grain type, short ear type,white or pink cob, and compact plant type had shorter growth periods, while those with semi-dent grain type and red cob type had lower grain moisture content. The comprehensive evaluation based on the CRITIC-TOPSIS method showed that the comprehensive scores and yield rankings of Zhongbo 939, Zhengdan 5179, Zhongyan 1601, Denghai W189, Zhengtai 159, and Yuyu 101 were all in the forefront, making them suitable for promotion. The research results provide a scientific basis for the breeding and planting of summer maize varieties in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, emphasizing the importance of improving disease resistance and balancing the growth period to meet the needs of relay cropping.