To investigate soil heavy metal pollution in the Dali winter jujube production area, 150 soil samples were collected from representative winter jujube greenhouses in Dali County, Shaanxi Province. The pollution index method was used to evaluate the distribution characteristics and pollution status of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr) across different planting ages and soil depths. Results showed that the content of heavy metals in the surveyed soil fluctuated slightly with increasing planting age. Heavy metal concentrations were higher in the 0–20 cm soil layer. Both the single pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index were less than 0.7, indicating a safe level. Overall, the soil in Dali winter jujube greenhouses was at a clean level without heavy metal contamination. Farmers should continue to safeguard soil quality to improve agricultural product quality.